7 Common Causes of Electric Water Heater Leaks: Diagnosis and Solutions

Is your home's water heater leaking or has it leaked before? Water heater leaks are often caused by several common issues. Sometimes it's just normal pressure release, but in more serious cases, it could be due to ruptured hot and cold water pipes or internal component failures. Prolonged leaks can accelerate the aging and rusting of water heater parts, shortening its lifespan.

Key Points:

1. Aging Hot and Cold Water Connections 
2. Worn Out Diaphragm Switch 
3. Deformed Heating Element or Pipe Gaskets 
4. Pressure Relief Valve (Safety Valve) Leaks 
5. Ruptured Heating Element 
6. Cracked Inner Tank 
7. Excessive Incoming Water Pressure

1. Aging Hot and Cold Water Connections

Water heaters are connected to hot and cold water pipes, and these connections can deteriorate over time.

Solutions:

• For leaking connections: Replace with new connections and wrap with sealing tape to prevent future leaks
• For valve leaks: Have a qualified technician inspect or replace the mixing valve

2. Worn Out Diaphragm Switch

The diaphragm switch is a heating component made of two metal shells and rubber. If the outer shell or rubber deteriorates, it can cause leaks.

Solution:

• Replace the entire diaphragm switch assembly

3. Deformed Heating Element or Pipe Gaskets

Various gaskets in the water heater ensure a tight seal between components to prevent leaks.

Solution:

• If you can locate the leaking gasket, try replacing it
• If unfamiliar with the water heater structure, hire a qualified technician

4. Pressure Relief Valve (Safety Valve) Leaks

The pressure relief valve, also known as the safety valve, is specific to storage-type electric water heaters. It prevents tank rupture due to excessive pressure from water expansion when heated.

Common scenarios:

5. Ruptured Heating Element

The heating element in storage-type water heaters can become less efficient due to scale buildup.

Solution:

• Some manufacturers now design removable heating elements for easy cleaning or replacement

6. Cracked Inner Tank

The inner tank of storage-type water heaters is usually made of stainless steel. While resistant to corrosion, it can develop cracks at welding points due to thermal expansion or excessive pressure.

Solution: Inner tanks cannot be repaired. Replace the entire water heater unit

7. Excessive Incoming Water Pressure

High water pressure from supply lines can cause leaks in the water heater.

Solution:

• Adjust and reduce the incoming water pressure

Conclusion

Understanding these common causes of water heater leaks can help you diagnose and potentially solve issues quickly. However, for complex problems or if you're unsure, it's always best to consult with a qualified technician.

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